Abstract

Oral wound healing is a complicated process that involves a series of biological processes that are carefully regulated to control the healing of oral tissue lesions. Oral wound healing exhibits a distinct rate of healing in comparison to skin. The reason for this is that the mucosal layer of the mouth cavity has a distinct histology compared to the skin. Extensive study has been conducted on propolis in relation to its effects on the oral cavity. It has been scientifically demonstrated that propolis has the ability to accelerate the healing process of wounds. This is attributed to the active compounds present in propolis, which possess anti-inflammatory properties and act as effective antioxidants. Nevertheless, variations in the primary bioactive compound responsible for promoting wound healing is now under investigation in scientific studies. This review article attempts to summarise and analyse recent studies on propolis as an effective remedy for oral wound healing, with a focus on a biochemical approach. This review adopted a literature review study framework, using electronic databases including Science Direct, Pubmed, and Semantic Scholar using search keywords: propolis AND oral wound healing. A total of 228 papers were found 8 papers were selected after undergoing a rigorous selection process based on the PRISMA scoping review technique. Propolis was found to have potential as an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant. As well as being applied to cells, propolis has also been utilised on the oral cavity of experimental animals and on human patients. Particular regions, such as the gingiva, tooth socket, and oral mucosa (labial), in order to investigate the mechanisms that are involved in the healing of wounds. Propolis has the ability to accelerate the healing process of wounds in the oral cavity due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Nevertheless, the combined effect of propolis with additional herbs can further enhance its efficacy in the healing of oral wounds.