Abstract

Pedestrian pathways should be designed to meet the needs of regular pedestrians and accommodate individuals with disabilities. Presently, a substantial number of pedestrian routes across Indonesia remain inaccessible to those reliant on wheelchairs and people with disabilities. This study aimed to evaluate and design disability-friendly pedestrian pathways for optimal accessibility and safety in Indonesia. A pedestrian pathways model was derived using a triangulation of data methodology (a review of literature, observation and simulation, and a focus group discussion convening stakeholders). Based on research results, none of the pedestrian pathways meet the criteria for individuals with disabilities. The Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI) score on pedestrian pathways indicates the unsatisfied category. Pedestrians with physical limitations argue that pedestrian pathways cannot provide comfort to support their movement. The evaluation results show that people with disabilities face difficulty accessing pedestrian pathways. This research produces pedestrian pathway designs based on three universal principles: adequate maneuvering space, clear signage and information, and appropriate surface materials. These universal design principles refer to efforts to create accessible, safe, and comfortable environments for everyone, regardless of age and physical ability.